December 3, 2009

eveything done in class :S December 3, 2009

Nov.12,09

warm up: Where does the term clipart comes from?

A/: Art is already formed.

Tyw: the history and how to use clipart.

Yasw: Students understand how to use clipart.

*Which was the first computer company to introduce clipart?

A/: IBMPC APPLE MACINTOSH.

What role did adobe have in clipart?

Allow home computer users the first opportunity to manipulate vector art in a GUI Introduced Adobe Illustrator.

Nov.17,09

Warm up: What is microsoft word?

Tywl: How to use a spell checker in word.

When was Microsoft word swite released and what was word 6.0 it called in its begging?

Its word available only for windows? No its available in Mac as x.

What was the year microsoft word was invented? In 1975.

Is microsoft word part of package or its sold individually? Yes it is part of package it comes with excel,powerpoint,outlook.

Nov. 19,09

Warm Up: Why is grammar important?

Tyw: How to use the grammar checker in word?

Yasw:When students are able to use grammar checker in word?

1. Which is the action button for the grammar checker in word? Start grammar checking buttons the action button for the grammar checker in word.

2. Why is chechking Grammar important? Beacuase it has tools that performed a number of readability on the text and output their results, and it gaves some stanstical information about sentences of the text,correct mistakes from the text.

Nov.

Warm Up: What is Thesaurus for?

Tyw: Usea a thesaurus in word processing?

Yasw:Are able to use thesaurus when completing their homework assignments.

How can you access the thesaurus option in word?

To access to the thesaurus first we type in Ms word and then enter the word you want to get a thesaurus entry.

Why is microsoft word thesaurus important?

Because it provides you synonyms of words you want to know.

Dec.3,09

Warm up: Why is giving cards such an important aspect to human culture?

Tyw: Desktop publishing

Yasw: When students are able to use desktop publishing software.

1. OPEN YOUR BLOG INTRODUCE ALL THE 2ND BIMESTER INFO ADD A PICTURE OF YOUR BLOG.

2.WHICH COMPUTER COMPANY STARTED THE DESKTOP PUBLISHING TREND?

3.SENT YOUR BLOG URL WITH YOUR NAME AND GRADE.

December 3, 2009

• Which computer company started the desktop publishing trend?
• A/:In the mid 1980s, Apple Computer, Adobe, Aldus and Hewlett-Packard each produced key technologies that, when combined, allowed graphic designers, publishers and pre-press professionals to bring the whole publishing process in-house.Those four companies were responsible for the hardware and software that, to a large degree, still drives the electronic publishing industry. This literally created desktop publishing, or DTP.

classwork :D November 27, 2009

How do you get started in Excel ?

1. Double-clicking on the Microsoft Excel application icon. This application is usually in a folder called Excel. An alias for this icon appears on the desktop of the computers in the Student Microcomputer Facility.

2. Double-clicking on the icon of any Excel document. When you double-click an Excel document, Excel opens with the document already loaded

How can one use efficiently Microsoft Excel?

Takeaway: Excel is a highly sophisticated application, and users don’t always discover the easiest or smartest way to accomplish various tasks. This list of tips will help them shave significant time off some of the most common spreadsheet chores.

10 simple tips for working on MICROSOFT EXCEL

Excel is so powerful that nobody knows everything about it. If you use Excel frequently, you probably run into situations, from entering data to calculating complex workbooks, that slow you down. The following tips won’t solve unique problems, but they will help you complete common tasks more efficiently.

#1: Exploit defined names

Defined names aren’t just for ranges. You can use a defined name to define a constant value, such as a discount amount. Use the feature as you normally would, entering the literal value or expression that evaluates to the desired value into the named cell. For instance, select a cell and choose Name from the Insert menu. Then, select Define. Enter the descriptive name Discount and click OK. Now, in the same cell, enter the actual discount amount, say 3 percent (just enter .03). Now, you can use the defined name, Discount, in your formulas instead of entering the literal value .03. For instance, Excel would use .03 for Discount when evaluating the following formula:

This quick tip has two benefits: It makes updating much simpler, as you can quickly change the value in Discount and Excel will automatically update all dependent formulas. And it eliminates data entry errors.

#2: Quick copy to noncontiguous cells

Copying data or a formula is simple. You just drag the source cell’s fill handle and Excel copies the data or formula from the source cell to the cells you select using the fill handle. But copying isn’t always a nice, neat, contiguous package. Sometimes you need to copy data or a formula to a series of noncontiguous cells. You could paste the source data into each individual cell, but that’s the hard way. Instead, you can copy data into a noncontiguous block.

First, copy the source data. Then, hold down the Ctrl key while you click each cell in the noncontiguous destination range. Once you’ve highlighted each target cell, press Ctrl+V, and Excel will copy the source data into each of the highlighted cells. Formulas copied this way obey referencing rules, in regard to absolute and relative addresses.

An alternate method is to right-click in the cell that contains data you want to copy and choose Copy from the resulting submenu. Then, right-click a destination cell and choose Paste. At this point, the source cell is still highlighted, which means you can copy the contents again. Right-click another destination cell and choose Paste. Continuing selecting destination cells until you’ve completed the copy task. Press Esc to clear the selection of the source cell.

#3: Customize defaults

Excel uses template files to control default settings in new workbooks and sheets. For most of us, the settings are adequate. However, if you find yourself resetting the same defaults for each new workbook or sheet, consider changing the defaults permanently.

To change default settings for a workbook, open Book.xlt, make changes, and then save the file. Don’t change the file’s name; you’re just updating it. (It’s a good idea to create a copy of the original Book.xlt so you can revert to Excel’s original settings if necessary. Name the copy BookOriginalSettings.xlt or something similarly descriptive.) After changing Book.xlt, all new workbooks will use the custom settings you applied. To change a sheet’s default settings, open Sheet.xlt, make the necessary changes, and save it.

If you don’t have one or both files, simply create your own. Just be sure to save them in Excel’s XLStart folder (\Program Files\Microsoft Office\XLStart).

#4: Enter repetitive data quickly

Tip #2 shows you how to copy existing data into noncontiguous cells. You can also use this technique to enter data into a series of noncontiguous cells. Hold down the Ctrl key and click all the cells into which you want to enter data. Then, type the text you want to enter and press Ctrl+Enter. Excel will enter the typed text into all of the cells in the noncontiguous selection.

#5: Create custom lists

Most of us work with sets of data that seem to repeat themselves throughout our projects. That means we can enter the same values in numerous spots. If you frequently enter the same dataset, consider creating a custom list. To do so, choose Options from the Tools menu and then click the Custom Lists tab. In the List Entries control, enter each item in the list, one entry per line, in the order in which you want it to appear. When you’ve completed the list, click Add. Excel will copy the list to the Custom Lists control. Click OK to close the Options dialog. To enter the list, select a cell and enter any name in the list. Then use the fill handle to complete the list.

If you want a partial list, enter the item you want to begin with and then pull down the fill handle. Excel will fill in the remaining names.

If the list already exists in the sheet, you don’t have to retype it to create a custom list. Simply select the list before choosing Options from the Tools menu. Then, click Import on the Custom Lists tab.

#6: Customize movement

By default, the cell pointer moves down when you press Enter. Selecting the cell immediately below the current one won’t always be what you need. For instance, some people enter data from column to column. You could press the Right Arrow key instead of Enter, but out of habit, most of us reach for Enter. Even if you can retrain yourself (or users) to use the arrow keys, they’re far enough away from the main keys to slow down data entry.

Fortunately, you can change the cell pointer’s default direction. Chose Options from the Tools menu and then click the Edit tab. Select the Move Selection After Enter check box (if necessary) and then choose a direction from the option’s drop-down list. For instance, to move from column to column, you might choose Right instead of Down.

While entering data, you can temporarily force the cell pointer to move in the opposite direction by holding down the Shift key while you press Enter.

#7: Hide everything but the working area

You usually hide a column or row to conceal or protect data and formulas. You can also hide unused regions of a sheet to keep users from exploiting unused areas or to help keep them on task by not allowing them to wander. By hiding unused rows and columns, you present a sheet that focuses on just the work area.

To hide unused rows, select the row beneath the sheet’s last row. (Select the row header to select the entire row.) Next, press Ctrl+Shift+Down Arrow to select every row between the selected row and the bottom of the sheet. Then, choose Row from the Format menu and select Hide. Repeat this process to hide unused columns, only select the column header in the first empty column. Press Ctrl+Shift+Right Arrow and then choose Column from the Format menu instead of Row.

Before you hide anything, make sure you don’t inadvertently hide an obscure area by pressing Ctrl+End to find the last cell in the sheet’s used range. Unhide the rows and columns by selecting the entire sheet. Then, select Row or Column from the Format menu, and choose Unhide.

#8: View formulas, or not, quickly

You probably know that you can view all the formulas in a sheet by choosing Options from the Tools menu and selecting Formulas on the View tab. Doing so displays formulas instead of their evaluated results. But there’s a quicker way. Press Ctrl+~ (the tilde character to the left of the number 1 on your keyboard). The keyboard combination toggles between formulas and normal view. When you’re finished viewing the formulas, simply press Ctrl+~ again to return to normal view.

#9: Identify printed sheets

Printing a sheet is a common task. Some users find it useful to print the name of the workbook in the header or footer. In Excel 2003, you can accomplish this by choosing Page Setup from the File menu and clicking the Header/Footer tab. Then, choose the appropriate item from the Header control’s drop-down list. Versions prior to 2003 can use the following VBA procedure to print the full file’s pathname:

Sub FormatHeader()
  With ThisWorkbook
    ThisWorkbook.Worksheets(sheetname)PageSetup.LeftHeader = .FullName
  End With
End Sub

where sheetname is the sheet’s name as a string value. To make the procedure more dynamic, use ActiveSheet.Name instead. That way you can run it against any sheet in the workbook.

#10: Speed up calculation time

How, when, and what Excel calculates is a huge subject. In general, cell references and calculation operations are the main performance vampires. Reasonable formulas and even lots of data don’t usually slow things down. Complex formulas and repetitive references are the real culprits. Here are a few basic guidelines that should help you avoid calculation bottlenecks:

• Avoid complex and array formulas. Use more rows and columns to store intermediate values and use fewer complex calculations.
• Reduce the number of references in each formula to the bare minimum. Copied formulas are notorious for repeating references and calculations. Move repeated calculations to a cell and reference that cell in the original formula. (See Tip #1 for an alternate suggestion.)
• Always use the most efficient function possible: Sort data before performing lookups; minimize the number of cells in SUM and SUMIF; replace a slow array with a user-defined function, and so on.
• Avoid volatile functions if possible. Excel recalculates these functions with each recalculation, even if nothing has changed. Too many volatile functions (RAND(), NOW(), TODAY(), and so on) can slow things down.

 

 

Computer Classwork 20/11/09 XD November 20, 2009

How can you acess the thesaurus option in
word?
1Open Microsoft Word and begin typing your document. When a word comes up you would like to use the thesaurus for, select it.

Step 2Choose “Language” from the “Tools” menu and then “Thesaurus.” You can also press Shift and the F7 key simultaneously to activate the thesaurus. The thesaurus window pops up.

Step 3Find the list of word meanings on the left side of the window. These are the possible meanings of the word you selected. Select the meaning that most closely fits how you intended to use the word. For additional help in selecting a meaning, Microsoft Word will put the part of speech of the word in parenthesis. When you have selected your meaning, hit the “Look Up” button.

Step 4Look on the right side of the window for a list of synonyms generated by the thesaurus. Depending on the word, the thesaurus may also list a few antonyms. These will be displayed with (“Antonym”) behind the word.

Step 5Pick the synonym you’d like to use and hit the “Replace” button. The synonym replaces the original word in your document. If you’re unhappy with your list of words, pick the one you like best and hit “Look Up” again. The Microsoft Word thesaurus will then generate synonyms of the synonym.

Why is microsoft word thesaurus important?

The Microsoft Word Thesaurus makes it possible to look up synonyms and antonyms to words as you type with a few clicks of your mouse. Once you learn to use the thesaurus, you’ll be able to automatically replace words as you type to improve your writing.

computer class 19/11/09 November 19, 2009

Which is the action button for the grammar checker in word?
ABC added in the quick access toolbar.

Why is checking grammar important?
Grammar checker analyzes our (digital) writing, searching for possible mistakes such as common grammatical or spelling mistakes, and suggests proper punctuation. Sophisticated grammar processing tools rely on advanced algorithms and ever-growing databases. They first analyze, then compare, and finally correct your writing. When we examine their capabilities and what they offer, we can notice the following: proofreading for correct grammar, correcting spelling mistakes, and checking on proper punctuation.

homework November 12, 2009

1. Which was the first company to introduce
clipart?
A: Mac 1984 and IBM 1981

2. what role did adobe have in clipart?
A: Adobe introduce Adobe Illustrator for the
Macintosh, allowing home computers users
the first opportunity to manipulate vector
art in GUI.

Types of USB October 3, 2009

Today just about every PC comes with Universal Serial Bus, or USB ports. In fact, many computers will even have additional USB ports located on the front of the tower, in additional to two standard USB ports at the back. In the late 1990s, a few computer manufacturers started including USB support in their new systems, but today USB has become a standard connection port for many devices such as keyboards, mice, joysticks and digital cameras to name but a few USB-enabled devices. USB is able to support and is supported by a large range of products.
Adding to the appeal of USB is that it is supported at the operating system level, and compared to alternative ports such as parallel or serial ports, USB is very user-friendly. When USB first started appearing in the marketplace, it was (and still is) referred to as a plug-and-play port because of its ease of use. Consumers without a lot of technical or hardware knowledge were able to easily connect USB devices to their computer. You no longer needed to turn the computer off to install the devices either. You simply plug them in and go. USB devices can also be used across multiple platforms. USB works on Windows and Mac, plus can be used with other operating systems, such as Linux, for example, with a reliable degree of success.

Before USB, connecting devices to your system was often a hassle. Modems and digital cameras were connected via the serial port which was quite slow, as only 1 bit is transmitted at a time through a serial port. While printers generally required a parallel printer port, which is able to receive more than one bit at a time — that is, it receives several bits in parallel. Most systems provided two serial ports and a parallel printer port. If you had several devices, unhooking one device and setting up the software and drivers to use another device could often be problematic for the user.

The introduction of USB ended many of the headaches associated with needing to use serial ports and parallel printer ports. USB offered consumers the option to connect up to 127 devices, either directly or through the use of a USB hub. It was much faster since USB supports data transfer rates of 12 Mbps for disk drives and other high-speed throughput and 1.5Mbps for devices that need less bandwidth. Additionally, consumers can literally plug almost any USB device into their computer, and Windows will detect it and automatically set-up the hardware settings for the device. Once that device has been installed you can remove it from your system and the next time you plug it in, Windows will automatically detect it.
Key Terms To Understanding USB
USB
Short for Universal Serial Bus, an external bus standard that supports data transfer rates of 12 Mbps.

USB 2.0
Also referred to as Hi-Speed USB, USB 2.0 is an external bus that supports data rates up to 480Mbps. USB 2.0 is an extension of USB 1.1.

USB OTG
Short for USB On-The-Go, an extension of the USB 2.0 specification for connecting peripheral devices to each other. USB OTG products can communicate with each other without the need to be connected to a PC.

More USB Related terms

plug-and-play
hot plugging
external data bus
port
serial port
data transfer rates
ultra wideband

USB 1x
First released in 1996, the original USB 1.0 standard offered data rates of 1.5 Mbps. The USB 1.1 standard followed with two data rates: 12 Mbps for devices such as disk drives that need high-speed throughput and 1.5 Mbps for devices such as joysticks that need much less bandwidth.

USB 2x
In 2002 a newer specification USB 2.0, also called Hi-Speed USB 2.0, was introduced. It increased the data transfer rate for PC to USB device to 480 Mbps, which is 40 times faster than the USB 1.1 specification. With the increased bandwidth, high throughput peripherals such as digital cameras, CD burners and video equipment could now be connected with USB. It also allowed for multiple high-speed devices to run simultaneously. Another important feature of USB 2.0 is that it supports Windows XP through Windows update.

USB OTG
USB On-the-Go (OTG) addresses the need for devices to communicate directly for mobile connectivity. USB OTG allows consumers to connect mobile devices without a PC. For example, USB OTG lets consumers plug their digital camera directly into a compliant printer and print directly from the camera, removing the need to go through the computer. Similarly, a PDA keyboard with a USB OTG interface can communicatea with any brand PDA that has a USB OTG interface.

USB-OTG also provides limited host capability to communicate with selected other USB peripherals, a small USB connector to fit the mobile form factor and low power features to preserve battery life. USB OTG is a supplement to the USB 2.0 specification.

Types of USB Connectors
Currently, there are four types of USB connectors: Type A, Type B, mini-A and mini-B and are supported by the different USB specifications (USB 1, USB 2 and USB-OTG).

USB A (Host)
Often referred to as the downstream connector, the Type A USB connector is rectangular in shape and is the one you use to plug into the CPU or USB hub.

 

 

USB B (Device)
Also called the upstream connector, the Type B USB connector is more box-shaped and is the end that attaches directly to the device (such as a printer or digital camera).

Local Storage/Remote Storage October 3, 2009

Local Storage

All threads of a process share its virtual address space. The local variables of a function are unique to each thread that runs the function. However, the static and global variables are shared by all threads in the process. With thread local storage (TLS), you can provide unique data for each thread that the process can access using a global index. One thread allocates the index, which can be used by the other threads to retrieve the unique data associated with the index.

The constant TLS_MINIMUM_AVAILABLE defines the minimum number of TLS indexes available in each process. This minimum is guaranteed to be at least 64 for all systems. The maximum number of indexes per process is 1,088.

When the threads are created, the system allocates an array of LPVOID values for TLS, which are initialized to NULL. Before an index can be used, it must be allocated by one of the threads. Each thread stores its data for a TLS index in a TLS slot in the array. If the data associated with an index will fit in an LPVOID value, you can store the data directly in the TLS slot. However, if you are using a large number of indexes in this way, it is better to allocate separate storage, consolidate the data, and minimize the number of TLS slots in use.

Remote Storage
The internet has revolutionized data security with remote backup services. This is a relatively new concept that allows personal computer users and businesses to store and backup essential data from multiple computers on an online server. These services offer secure and reliable offsite storage that will enable you to recover from unexpected system crashes and other disasters.

A remote backup service is a convenient backup system that is able to compliment traditional storage mediums such as CDs, DVDs, hard disks, flash drives, tapes and local backups. This type of service will protect your information and provide additional protection against the loss of data caused by viruses, other exploits and system errors. Online storage services offer an ideal, secure storage solution with numerous features, usually for an affordable price.

When it comes to the offsite storing and recovering of data, there are several available options. While many are effective, a remote online storage tends to be much faster and more reliable than others. These services include easy to use interfaces that can be accessed with passwords, along with drag and drop, data compression, data transfer and data encryption features.

During the process of data storage, most online companies provide the following:

• Automated data backups on scheduled intervals. This may be set on a daily, weekly or monthly basis

• Access to previous backups that have been stored on the remote server

• The ability to recover data lost or damaged from backups of previous versions stored on the remote server

Online Storage October 3, 2009

Storing or backing up data over the Internet. There are numerous third-party storage providers that offer this service.

May refer to disk drives, which are attached to the computer, either internally or externally, in contrast to “offline storage,” such as removable disk and tape cartridges.

Software file hosting
Authors of Shareware, Freeware and Open Source/Free software often use file hosting services to serve their software. The inherent problem with free downloads is the huge bandwidth cost. These hosts also offer additional services to the authors such as statistics or other marketing features.

[edit] Personal file storage
Personal file storage services are aimed at private individuals, offering a sort of “network storage” for personal backup, file access, or file distribution. Users can upload their files and share them publicly or keep them password-protected.

Prior to the advent of personal file storage services, off-site backup services were not typically affordable for individual and small office computer users.

Sometimes people prefer hosting their files on a publicly accessible HTTP server. In this case, they generally choose paid hosting, and use their hosting for this purpose. Many free hosting providers do not allow the storage of files for non-website-related use.

[edit] Content caching
Content providers who potentially encounter bandwidth congestion issues may use services specialized in distributing cached or static content. It is the case for companies with a major Internet presence

Most online file storage services offer space on a per-gigabyte basis, and sometimes include a bandwidth cost component as well. Usually these will be charged monthly or yearly. Some companies do offer the service for free, relying on advertising revenue. Some hosting services do not place any limit on how much space your account can consume. Some services require a software download which makes files only available on computers which have that software installed, others allow users to retrieve files through any web browser. With the increased inbox space offered by webmail services, many users have started using their webmail service as an online drive. Some sites offer free unlimited file storage but have a limit on the file size.

Increasingly, organizations are recognizing the benefits of co-locating their mission-critical equipment within a data centre. Colocation is becoming increasingly popular because of the time and cost savings a company can realize as a result of using shared data centre infrastructure. Significant benefits of scale (large power and mechanical systems) result in large colocation facilities, typically 5,000-10,000 m² (50,000 to 100,000 square feet). With IT and communications facilities in safe, secure hands, telecommunications, Internet, ASP and content providers, as well as enterprises, enjoy less latency and the freedom to focus on their core business.

Additionally, customers reduce their traffic back-haul costs and free up their internal networks for other uses. Moreover, by outsourcing network traffic to a colocation service provider with greater bandwidth capacity, web site access speeds should improve considerably.

Major types of colocation customers are:

Web commerce companies, who use the facilities for a safe environment and cost-effective, redundant connections to the Internet
Major enterprises, who use the facility for disaster avoidance, offsite data backup and business continuity
Telecommunication companies, who use the facilities to interexchange traffic with other telecommunications companies and access to potential clients
Most network access point facilities provide colocation.